發表文章

目前顯示的是有「Lecture」標籤的文章

與印尼學者的交流心得

參加一場學術會議,認識一位印尼的學者。該學者出身傳統伊斯蘭經堂教育,之後在加拿大的 McGill 大學與荷蘭的 Utrecgt 大學分別取得碩博士學位。現在是印尼一所伊斯蘭大學的副校長,可說是真正伊斯蘭教育與現代教育兩通的學者。 會議前後有許多空檔,請教他關於印尼伊斯蘭的問題,以下是簡單的摘錄 近日印尼首都的穆斯林大遊行,看似示威人數眾多,但沒有暴力或脫序的行為。這些伊斯蘭組織不是印尼的主流。如印尼最大的兩大伊斯蘭團體, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) 與 Muhammadiyah ,皆反對支持者參與這場遊行。 2. NU 與 Muhammadiyah 與政治保持距離。雖然其成員有參與政黨活動或是成為內閣官員,但他們與母組織之間保持距離。這種「政教分離」的方式,使母組織專心於社會服務與教育事業,不介入政治活動。 ( 這與中東的 Islamist 有很大的不同。之前兄弟會則是母組織與政黨之間的關係不明確,而遭到外界批評,甚至在政變之後,母組織也跟者受累。 ) 3. 印尼清真寺的阿訇不是國家指派,也不用通過國家的阿訇測驗或是拿國家的薪水。只要地方上的其他人認可他有資格作為阿訇,自然就能擔任阿訇的角色,因此享有較大的自主權,不受國家的介入。阿訇是兼任工作,還有其他工作謀生。 ( 埃及、土耳其、巴勒斯坦 ( 西岸 ) 、中國的阿訇,是由宗教相關機構管理,算是國家的公務員 ) 4. 教授說,中東的 Islamist 過去與印尼的伊斯蘭團體交往不深,過去認為印尼穆斯林不夠穆斯林或伊斯蘭,現在開始多了互動。 ( 中東 Islamist或許可以向印尼Islamist學習 )

Ted Talks: Maajid Nawaz: A global culture to fight extremism

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Summary The Speaker was once a leader of a radical Islamic organization. He presents his views to illustrate how extreme movements are widespread and operate across national borders. Meanwhile, he analyzes the succeeded conditions of extremism and proposes his perspective on how to advocate a democratic culture across Muslim countries.

Summary and Critique from the Ted Talks: Mustafa Akyol: Faith versus tradition in Islam

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This lecture seems to be divided into 3 sections. In the first section, Akyol mentioned the experience of his pilgrimage in Mecca, which aroused his curiosity about tradition and the Islamic core. In the next section, Akyol states that local traditions such as the segregation of women and honor killing do not represent the core of Islam and gives several examples to support this point. The final section is the main content of this lecture. He explains how Islamic modernism initially took shape, then declined and eventually became revived in Muslim countries. Akyol found a contradiction between religion and tradition when he went on a pilgrimage in Mecca. In Saudi Arabia, separation of the sexes is strictly observed; however, in Kabbah, the holy place of Islam, there is no separation of the sexes and men and women pray side by side. Akyol tracked the Qur’an, the original sc...

阿拉伯之春後的北非民主化概要

今日中心 (IAIS) 研究北非民主化的老師,簡要介紹他的研究途徑與如何觀察這兩年北非國家民主化的演變。該位老師自認是政治科學學者,喜歡理論與模式,他坦承在阿拉伯之春之前,幾乎沒有政治科學學者預測到這股現象。例如他提到兩年多前,沒有將突尼西亞放進上課教材,因為突尼西亞政治沒什麼太大變化,過於單調,但沒想到幾個月後,突尼西亞反而成為阿拉伯之春的發源地,這股效應到今日仍不斷發酵。 他研究興趣專注於北非的政黨,從研究政黨的角度,理解北非國家民主化過程。北非政黨研究在學術文獻上較少受到重視。他認為政黨對於一國走向民主化過程占有重要地位,北非國家若是民主轉型成功,政黨必須有根本性質的轉變。在今日北非國家中,政治團體不受到人民的信任,主要來自於權力集中、缺乏願景、沒有具體政策規劃與貪腐形象所致。

如何發表文章

今天研究方法課程,談到如何發表學術文章,或是說如何採取策略,賺取學術點數。 雖然與中東伊斯蘭事務內容不是那麼相關,但若以學術作為ㄧ種志業,則必須注意下列發表文章要點。 1. 必須先瞭解你的讀者群為何?是同樣從事學術工作的專業人士,還是ㄧ般普羅大眾?唯有先設定觀眾群,接下來再設定文章內容安排。 2. 學術期刊發表,通常越有名的人(如名嘴?)或是該領域的大師,被期刊主編接受的機會越高。這是社會現實面,即使你再有才華,可以瓦解某ㄧ領域的主流論述,但因為你是個無名小卒,仍必須按照學術期刊的遊戲規則走,否則將永遠是個 Nobody 。

台灣教法學者對當代伊斯蘭觀點

這封信是ㄧ月底詢問台灣唯一伊斯蘭教法博士的回信。當時我向博士請益的內容如下:   ==================== 不好意思冒昧寫信打擾博士,寫這封信目的主要是有些關於教法以及當代伊斯蘭事務的問題。日前在閱讀有關伊斯蘭與政治的資料,有關當代伊斯蘭運動的論述,晚輩有些不太明白之處想向博士請益。

攻打伊朗?

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最近國際新聞有關中東消息,最受矚目的莫過於美國與以色列是否攻打伊朗的議題。以下連結三則中譯新聞, 伊朗今年 內 製出核彈- 美嗆不 排除動武 ,   阻伊朗核武- 以色列最快4 月攻伊 , 美指伊朗援助蓋達- 恐心懷不軌 ,似乎聞到預備開打的煙硝味。記得在 2003 年伊拉克戰爭前,美國同樣放出許多消息,指責海珊協助恐怖份子與暗藏大規模毀滅性武器。現在美國將苗頭對準伊朗,控訴伊朗將完成核武計畫,威脅中東地區和平穩定。 之前看了 ㄧ 部日本大河劇「 坂 上之雲」, 內 容描述在日俄戰爭 (1904-1905) 中,策劃殲滅俄國波羅的海艦隊的 ㄧ 位海軍參謀(秋山真之)的故事。秋山過去曾在美國學習海軍戰略,師從近代海權之父馬漢( Mahan )。影片中演到秋山去拜訪馬漢,馬漢和他提到美國即將與西班牙打 ㄧ 仗,但是欠缺一個宣戰的機會。沒多久在古巴的美國軍艦 緬因艦無緣故被炸毀 ,美國以此為理由向西班牙宣戰,最終也達成其目標,西班牙完全撤離古巴。 (截圖from坂上之雲第ㄧ部)

紀錄片:GAZA ON AIR (Film 7th December 2011)

This documentary is about the plight of the Palestinian journalists, braving the media blackout imposed by the Israeli operation Cast Lead during the winter of 2008/2009. This documentary alerts us of the ever more present dangers that journalists have to endure and serves as yet another reminder of the growing number of newspeople that loose their lives on the job every year.  The director of the film, Samir Abdallah, will introduce the documentary and will be available for your questions. 因為肚子太餓,沒有留下來聽導演的講解。再者這部影片太過寫實,使我不想再陷入其中。 這部片記錄2008年12月至2009年1月,以色列入侵加薩的事件。透過當地加薩記者的記錄與事後的訪談, 可以看到當時加薩的慘況,這在一般國際新聞是絕對看不到。 90分鐘的影片呈現加薩被以色列空軍轟炸後的樣貌,ㄧ堆屍體躺在地上,有些已經不成人形。小孩與老太太被壓倒在瓦礫堆,已經沒有氣息。一個社區被以色列空軍炸了, 彷彿經過大地震般,毫無人跡。 我不知道國際刑事法庭有無對這起事件進行調查,是否應該將發動戰爭的決策者送上刑事法庭公審,還給加薩人民應有的交代。

Jews For Justice For Palestinians (13 December 2011)

Arthur Goodman, the Parliamentary and Diplomatic Liaison Officer for JFJFP talking about the organisation and answering questions.  Jews for Justice for Palestinians is a network of Jews who are British or live in Britain, practising and secular, Zionist and not. They oppose Israeli policies that undermine the livelihoods, human, civil and political rights of the Palestinian people. As well as organising to ensure that Jewish opinions critical of Israeli policy are heard in Britain, they extend support to Palestinians trapped in the spiral of violence and repression. They believe that such actions are important in countering antisemitism and the claim that opposition to Israel’s destructive policies is itself antisemitic. They work to build world-wide Jewish opposition to the Israeli Occupation, with like-minded groups around the world and are a founding member of European Jews for a Just Peace, a federation of Jewish groups in ten European countries . ...

The Invention of the Land of Israel (7th December, 2011)

By  Professor Shlomo Sand Shlomo Sand studied history at the University of Tel Aviv and at the cole des hautes tudes en sciences sociales, in Paris. He currently teaches contemporary history at the University of Tel Aviv. His books include The Invention of the Jewish People (Verso), The Words and the Land (Semiotext), L’Illusion du politique (La decouvert),  and Le XXe siècle à 'écran (Seuil). 演講者的觀點很有趣,他指出現在猶太人的概念是由猶太復國主義者(Zionists)發明。透過經典研究,他認為猶太人並未真正被驅趕出巴勒斯坦,至於為何世界各地有猶太社群存在,他解釋那是因為在中世紀猶太信仰如伊斯蘭一般,向外傳教,使許多非猶太人改信猶太教。 另外他表示聖經沒有說巴勒斯坦是猶太人的家園,巴勒斯坦是神聖的土地,猶太人不能因此佔據巴勒斯坦。而且大部份的猶太人反對回到巴勒斯坦土地上。 演講者的觀點或許對於一般人來說很激進,或是為了某種目的而寫。他的書The invention of the Jewish People我尚未閱讀,日後根據他的著作進一步分析他的觀點。

演講:Peacebuilding: the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process in Light of the Palestine Papers(29th Nov, 2011)

By Emile Badarin At the next meeting of the Palestine Studies Group, guest speaker Emile Badarin questions the dominant liberal-realist discourse used to describe the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process. Through an analysis of the Palestine Papers, he argues that it is time to deconstruct a dominant narrative that is contingent upon concepts such as two states, democratisation, security and the market, instead seeking out other alternatives such as the discourse of reconciliation, tolerance and a rethinking of identities. Through this argument, he proposes that it is time to listen to the silenced discourse as much as we listen to the spoken.

演講:Palestinian Refugee Entitlement and the Passage of Time (7 Dec 2011)

Lecture by Prof. Michael Dumper "Refugee Entitlement and the Passage of Time: Waldron’s Supersession Thesis and the Palestinian Case Sixty Years On"  In this presentation Prof. Michael Dumper will explore the argument that refugee rights fade over time and discuss the extent to which it applies to the Palestinian case. With nearly 5 million Palestinian refugees, there are few topics more crucial to Palestinians and a Middle East Peace Process than the topic of the rights and reparations of these refugees.  Dumper教授根據紐約大學法律系Jeremy Waldron教授的文章,解釋隨時間的消逝,巴勒斯坦人民逐漸對難民地位問題不再熱衷。不過Dumper針對該篇文章提出反駁意見,並不認為難民問題已經淡化。

演講The contested Jewish Identity (14 November 2008)

說明:這是我2008年在台大聽的演講,很巧三年後的同一天,Galloway在Exeter大學講授性質類似的主題。下面是我當時的文字摘要。 ===================================================== 昨天到台大聽一位猶太裔的美國學者 Marc H. Ellis 的演講,其中所著書籍 “Israel and Palestine: Out of the Ashe”   在台灣翻譯為「一個猶太人的反省」。過去在撰寫論文時,曾引用該作者的論述。這本書不同於一般猶太人的傳統觀點,反而抗議現今以色列政府對待巴勒斯坦人民不正義的現象。

演講George Galloway, 'Britain and Palestine' (14th November 2011)

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Galloway是英國前國會議員,長期關注以巴衝突。這場演講Galloway一開始談到,他個人討厭帝國(Empire),帝國主義帶來罪惡,如 1917年的「貝爾福宣言」(The Balfour Declaration)決定未來巴勒斯坦人的悲劇。他與之前我聽的演講者 Gilad Atzmon 持同樣的觀點,那就是世俗的猶太復國者(Zionists) 將巴勒斯坦人從地圖上抹去。Galloway補充說明大部份猶太復國者不是猶太人,而是來自美國的基督教基本教義派者支持以色列,藉由經典合理化佔據巴勒斯坦。 Galloway 不愧是政治人物,演講易喚起聽眾共鳴。當他 提到2008年底加薩危機,埃及總統穆巴拉克(Mubarak)封鎖埃及與加薩的唯一通道,給與以色列機會轟炸加薩走廊那一段,頓時我非常痛恨 穆巴拉克的行為。穆斯林兄弟有難,不給與救濟反而火上加油。 不過Galloway提到埃及人民事實上很愛巴勒斯坦,情感上支持巴勒斯坦。最後Galloway表示以色列時間已用盡,時間是站在巴勒斯坦人這邊。 我想Galloway與之前Atzmon的演說,在台灣應該難以聽到,且台灣政治學者或政治人物不太可能有相關的言論,因為這些言論會損害美台友好關係。若是有台灣學者有相關的表示,說不定被標籤為反閃族主義者。 (圖中為演講者Galloway,右為引言人 Professor Ian Netton )

演講 The State of Research on Palestine (10th November, 2011)

During this seminar, Dr. Ilan Pappe will map out what research is currently being conducted on Palestine. The talk and subsequent discussion session will be particularly useful for junior researchers already engaged in research on Palestine at the PhD level, new academics and Master's students considering applying for PhD programs in this topic area. The topic of Palestine is loosely represented by an array of scholars working largely independent of one other across the world. This talk will help weave together for the audience an understanding of what is already being done and where deficits currently exist in the research being done on Palestine. Dr. Ilan Pappe is a Professor of History, the Director of the European Centre for Palestine Studies and a Co-Director for the Exeter Centre for Ethno-Political Studies at the University of Exeter. He is one of Israel's "New Historians" who, since the release of pertinent British and Israeli government documents in t...

演講 Gilad Atzmon; The Wandering Who and Where? (8th November, 2011)

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Gilad Atzmon discusses his new book on Jewish identity politics and its significance to the Palestine-Israel conflict. "A transformative story told with unflinching integrity that all (especially Jews) who care about real peace, as well as their own identity, should not only read, but reflect upon and discuss widely." Professor Richard Falk “Gilad Atzmon decided to open Pandora’s Box, and ignite a debate that has been frustratingly dormant for too long. His experiences are most authentic, views are hard-hitting, and, at times, provocative. It must be read and discussed.” Ramzy Baroud, Palestine Chronicle

演講The Crisis in Syria and the Kurds (1st November 2011)

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The Crisis in Syria and the Kurds The evolution of Kurdish society in Syria within the context of the present "Arab awakening" Professor Jordi Tejel,  Department of International History, The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva The Kurds in Syria during the crisis: influences from Turkey Robert Lowe, Middle East Centre, LSE The strategies of the Kurdish parties towards the Syrian opposition and the régime Dr. Harriet Allsopp     Tuesday 1 st  November 2011, 5.15pm Newman C, Peter Chalk Building